Helmets & Headgear
Anything that you wear on your head is considered a helmet of headgear. These include regular helmets, hats, masks and other items.
Helmets
Medium Helmets
Although they are smaller and offer less bonuses, they don't negate as much on magic and ranging.
Full "Large" Helmets
Full Helmets offer better protection than medium helmets, but casting magic or using a ranged weapon is more difficult when using a full helmet, purely because the characters vision is obstructed.
Hats & Masks
Chef's Hats, Eye Patches & Other Hats
There are a lot of decorative hats around RuneScape that can be bought or found, but they don't give any bonuses.
Santa Hat
A rare Holiday Item which give no defensive bonuses. Back in RuneScape Classic, it gave a small magical bonus.
Party Hats
The most valuable, rare and expensive hats around, giving no defensive bonuses.
Halloween Masks
Another expensive Holiday Item that gives no defensive bonuses.
Bunny Ears
An untradeable Holiday Item that gives no bonuses but can be re-obtained from the Varrock Clothing Shop if you happen to lose it.
Pirate Hats, Highwayman Masks, Cavaliers, Berets & Headbands
Treasure Trail hats that are only for looks, not for stats.
Chompy Hats
Obtained from Chompy kills, they look like headbands but give no bonus at all.
Desert Disguise
Obtained in the Feud Quest, this makes you have a fake beard.
Bearhead
Mithril/Steel Equivalent, obtained after the Mountain Daughter Quest. It is untradeable, and if lost, you can find it back at the Chief of the mountain tribe.
Other Headgear
Goblin Mining Helmet
Iron quality, this helm can be obtained by goblin miners from the Lost Tribe Quest. It can be lit with level 65 Firemaking.
Golden Helmet
Made for Between a Rock Quest, This helmet is equivalent to Steel or Mithril
Spiny Helmet
This helmet which is equivalent to Steel prevents Wall Beasts from hurting you too much.
Tiaras
Made from Silver, they are so small that they give no real Defense, and all they do is give you an extra inventory space while Runecrafting.
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Body Armor
There are 2 main kinds of body armor: Chainmail and Platemail.
Chainmail is made up of small rings connected together. It is particularly useful for turning away slashing weapons and absorbing the impact of a "crushing" attack. Chain is weak against stabbing weapons as small pointy blades can get through the rings. Chain is quite flexible, and so does not carry any disadvantages when using ranged weapons.
Plate armour is much heavier and stronger than chain, although rangers and mages find it incredibly difficult to use in conjunction with firing arrows or spells. Plate armour is weakest against crushing damage as it cannot absorb the impact as well as it can against slashing or stabbing attacks. Rune Plate armor cannot be worn until Dragon Slayer Quest has been completed.